• Aerodynamic forces on iced cylinder for dry ice accretion – A numerical study 

      Sokolov, Pavlo; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-28)
      Within this paper the ISO 12494 assumption of standard of slowly rotating reference collector under ice accretion has been tested. This concept, introduced by (Makkonen, 1984), suggests that the power line cables, which are the basis of the “reference collector” in the ISO framework, are slowly rotating under ice load, due to limited torsional stiffness. For this purpose, several Computational Fluid ...
    • Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Railway Overhead Powerline Conductors- A Numerical Case Study 

      Lotfi, Arefeh; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Pettersen, Jan-Arne (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-16)
      Ice accretion on railway overhead contact wires/conductors can cause various critical operational and safety issues such as overloading, arc formation, mass imbalance, and wire galloping. The focus of this multiphase numerical study is to understand and analyze the ice accretion physics on railway overhead powerline conductors at various operating conditions. In this regard, two different ...
    • Cable Propelled Gondola System Operation in Icing Conditions 

      Azad, Zeeshan; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-06-30)
      The scope of this study comprehends problems associated with modern urban vehicles known as cable propelled gondolas system operations in icing conditions. The aspects under consideration are problems related to the operations, safety, and maintenance of cable car systems in harsh climate conditions. The geographical location of the gondola cars makes them vulnerable to severe weather conditions ...
    • Conceptual design of cost-effective ice detection system based on infrared thermography 

      Adeel, Yousuf; Khawaja, Hassan; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-30)
      Ice accretion has been a persisting issue in cold regions and poses a threat to both onshore and offshore infrastructure, especially to sensitive equipment and personnel safety. Thermal infrared imaging (thermography) can be used as a non-destructive, non-invasive technique to determine the presence and thickness of ice over a surface. This paper presents early-stage experiment results with a FLIR® ...
    • Conceptual Design of Ice Detection/Mitigation System Based on Infrared Thermography 

      Adeel, Yousuf; Khawaja, Hassan; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2022)
      Ice accretion has been a persisting issue in cold regions and poses a threat to onshore and offshore infrastructure, especially to sensitive equipment and personnel safety. Thermal infrared imaging (thermography) can be used as a non-destructive, non- invasive technique to determine the presence and thickness of ice over a surface. The paper presents early-stage experiment results with a FLIR® Lepton ...
    • Experimental study of ice accretion on S826 & S832 wind turbine blade profiles 

      Jin, Jia Yi; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-16)
      To optimize the aerodynamic performance and reduce production losses of wind turbine operating in icing conditions, it is necessary to better understand the ice accretion physics along wind turbine blade. This paper describes a case study of ice accretion physics and its effects on aerodynamic performance of S826 and S832 airfoils for dry and wet ice conditions. Both these airfoils have different ...
    • Ice Accretion on Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle—A Review Study 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-03-28)
      Ice accretion on commercial aircraft operating at high Reynolds numbers has been extensively studied in the literature, but a direct transformation of these results to an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operating at low Reynolds numbers is not straightforward. Changes in Reynolds number have a significant impact on the ice accretion physics. Previously, only a few researchers worked in this area, ...
    • Ice Accretion on Rotary-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles—A Review Study 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-08)
      Ice accretion on rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (RWUAVs) needs to be studied separately from the fixed-wing UAVs because of the additional flow complexities induced by the propeller rotation. The aerodynamics of rotatory wings are extremely challenging compared to the fixed-wing configuration. Atmospheric icing can be considered a hazard that can plague the operation of UAVs, especially in the ...
    • An investigation into empirical ice density formulations for dry ice growth on cylinders 

      Sokolov, Pavlo; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-17)
      This paper describes an investigation into the empirical accreted icing density formulations, namely the numerical fits by (Makkonen and Stallabrass, 1984) and (Jones, 1990). Typically, the icing severity is estimated by the masses of the accreted ice, however, for this study the focus is primarily on the accreted ice densities and thicknesses for the main purpose of estimating the ice loads, in ...
    • Investigation of ice accretion effect on the aerodynamic characteristics of a wind turbine blade tip after a short icing event 

      Kangash, Aleksei; Pankratov, E V; Kosarev, I A; Maryandyshev, Pavel; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Conference object; Konferansebidrag, 2022-01)
      The paper investigates the flow behavior near the NACA 64-618 airfoil profile of the blade tip section of a wind turbine for electric power production after a short icing event. The flow simulation considering the rotation speed of the wind turbine blade is performed to assess the effect of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics. Degradation of aerodynamic characteristics affects the electrical ...
    • Numerical study of icing impact on the performance of pitch-regulated large wind turbine 

      Kangash, Aleksei; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Maryandyshev, Pavel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-17)
      This paper presents a study of the impact of icing on the performance of a pitch-regulated large wind turbine. Numerical simulations of six blade sections of the NREL 5 MW wind turbine at various free stream velocities are performed. Blade Element Momentum (BEM) method along Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) bases multiphase numerical simulations are used for this study. Analysis shows that the ...
    • Railway operations in icing conditions: a review of issues and mitigation methods 

      Lotfi, Arefeh; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-08-14)
      This article focuses on studying the current literature about railway operations in icing conditions, identifying icing effects on railway infrastructure, rolling stock, and operations, and summarizing the existing solutions for addressing these issues. Even though various studies have been conducted in the past on the impact of winter, climate change, and low temperatures on railway operations, not ...
    • Review of energy demands and wind resource assessment of the Solovetsky Archipelago 

      Ghani, Rizwan; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Kangash, Aleksei; Maryandshev, Pavel; lubov, viktar; Mustafa, Mohamad (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel, 2019-07)
      This paper aims to analyse the current situation of the energy system of the remote island territory of Solovetsky Archipelago. The Solovetsky historical and cultural complex was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Diesel fuel, which is used on the archipelago is expensive and pollutes the environment. By using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based numerical method, this study ...
    • Simulating wind characteristics through direct optimization procedures: illustration with three Russian sites 

      Kangash, Aleksei; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Maryandyshev, Pavel; Brillard, Alain (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-01-29)
      Wind energy assessment of a territory where a wind park is planned to be built is important. This can be performed through an appropriate evaluation of the wind characteristics in this territory. To simulate the wind speeds, a Weibull function is recommended whose parameters are classically determined either applying logarithms or using one of the formulas proposed in the literature. In the present ...
    • Steady and Time Dependent Study of Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB) behavior along UAV Airfoil RG-15 

      Muhammed, Manaf; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-29)
      The flow around the Unmanned Arial Vehicle (UAV) operating at a low Reynolds number regime of the O() is predominantly laminar and it leads to the formation of Laminar Separation Bubble (LSB). The pressure, shear stress, and heat flux distribution are considerably affected by LSB, which affects lift, drag, and pitching moment values. Most existing RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) turbulence ...
    • Study of Airflow Behavior for Duplex Circular Cylinders 

      Sokolov, Pavlo; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-09-16)
      The modeling of atmospheric ice accretion on duplex cylinders received a limited attention, with modeling carried by Wagner and Qing et al. The publicly available experimental data about the ice accretion on the duplex cylinders is limited to experiments of Qing et al. and Veerakumar et al. When comparing the data of Wagner and Qing et al. with the results of Veerakumar et al., the major ...
    • Study of Dry Ice Growth on Duplex Cylinders 

      Sokolov, Pavlo; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022)
      A study of dry ice growth on bundled (duplex) cylinders has been performed using icing wind tunnel experiments and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations. The aim of this study is to "fill the gaps" in the works of Wagner (2010) and Qing et al. (2018). The numerical simulations cover a range of possible icing conditions by varying the operating wind speed, median volume diameter, ...
    • Study of Ice Accretion on Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade using 2D and 3D Numerical Approach 

      Jin, Jia Yi; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Qin, hu; Jiang, Xingliang (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In order to optimize the wind turbine operation in ice prone cold regions, it is important to better understand the ice accretion process and how it affects the wind turbine performance. In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based 2D and 3D numerical techniques are used to simulate the airflow/droplet behaviour and resultant ice accretion on a 300 kW wind ...
    • Study of Ice Accretion on Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Blade Using 2D and 3D Numerical Approach 

      Jin, Jia Yi; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel; Hu, Qin; Jiang, Xingliang (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-09-07)
      In order to optimize the wind turbine operation in ice prone cold regions, it is important to better understand the ice accretion process and how it affects the wind turbine performance. In this paper, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based 2D and 3D numerical techniques are used to simulate the airflow/droplet behaviour and resultant ice accretion on a 300 kW wind turbine blade. The aim is to ...
    • Study of ice accretion on wind turbine blade profiles using thermal infrared imaging 

      Yousuf, Adeel; Jin, Jia Yi; Sokolov, Pavlo; Virk, Muhammad Shakeel (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-08)
      Atmospheric icing has been recognized as hindrance in proper utilization of good wind resources in cold regions. There is a growing need to better understand the ice accretion physics along wind turbine blades to improve its performance and for optimal design of anti/de-icing system. This article describes a study of ice accretion along wind turbine blade profiles using thermal infrared imaging. Surface ...